Influence of mood disorders on outcomes of polycystic ovarian syndrome - A national inpatient sample study - 2016–2020

TL;DR

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and mood disorders had longer hospital stays and higher costs compared to those without PCOS.

Contribution

This study identifies demographic and economic disparities in hospitalization outcomes for PCOS patients with mood disorders using a national dataset.

Findings

PCOS patients with mood disorders had significantly longer hospital stays and higher costs.

The cost difference increased with each decade of age.

PCOS patients were younger, wealthier, and predominantly Caucasian.

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a dysregulated metabolic disorder causing hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea/anovulation, and ovarian cysts. The effects of PCOS extend beyond the reproductive detriments, notably an association with mood disorders. Existing literature is limited but suggests comorbid mood derangements increase the severity of PCOS symptoms and comprise a significant portion of healthcare costs in the U.S. Our study aims to further examine the impact of PCOS on the hospitalization course and costs.

Using data for females ages 18–50 from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2016 and 2020, a PCOS group was compared to a non-PCOS group for women hospitalized with mood disorders. Length of stay (LOS), hospital costs, and demographic characteristics were analyzed.

PCOS patients accumulated significantly higher LOS and hospital cost. They also were significantly younger, predominantly Caucasian, covered by private insurance, and earned more income. There was a disproportionate use of Medicare for both groups given the younger sample.

Further investigation of demographic nuances and a multidisciplinary approach to PCOS, including policy changes and patient education starting at a young age, should be taken to better understand disease impact on different communities and address the broad scope of the disease (i.e. psychosocial) to reduce its healthcare burden.

•Women hospitalized with mood disorders and concomitant PCOS stayed longer and accrued greater hospital costs than those without PCOS.•With each decade, the difference in hospital costs for women with mood disorders and PCOS also comparatively increased.•Women with mood disorders and PCOS were wealthier, carried private insurance, and predominantly Caucasian.

Women hospitalized with mood disorders and concomitant PCOS stayed longer and accrued greater hospital costs than those without PCOS.

With each decade, the difference in hospital costs for women with mood disorders and PCOS also comparatively increased.

Women with mood disorders and PCOS were wealthier, carried private insurance, and predominantly Caucasian.