# Using the power of narratives in e-learning for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy conversations

## TL;DR

This paper explores how using character-driven stories in e-learning can help medical students better engage with vaccine-hesitant patients during the pandemic.

## Contribution

The study introduces a novel approach using narrative learning theory in an online setting to improve medical students' communication skills.

## Key findings

- All students reported increased confidence in discussing vaccines with hesitant patients.
- Character-based narratives enhanced learning through better memory, relatability, and emotional connection.
- The approach shows promise for online healthcare education, similar to in-person settings.

## Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we developed an e-learning resource to support medical students in having effective conversations with COVID vaccine hesitant patients (an urgent challenge). Development of information and communication skills elements was underpinned by narrative learning theory; learners interact with three fictional characters whose stories run through the resource in activities and role-plays. We co-developed the resource and characters with students, colleagues and local community.

We evaluated the resource using a survey of pre- and post- module self-confidence scores, and by thematic analysis of a focus group with seven final year medical students to explore their perceptions of how the story elements influenced their learning.

All students surveyed reported an improvement in their confidence in having effective conversations with vaccine-hesitant patients. The focus group analysis suggests that character-based narratives can promote learning online, particularly through improved memory, relatability, and emotional connection.

This study suggests that the potential value of character-driven stories described in other healthcare education settings also applies in the online learning environment. Further research is needed to establish the nature of their impact on different aspects of learning including patient-related outcomes.