# Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: a challenging diagnosis on biopsy—case report and literature review

## TL;DR

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast is a rare tumor that is hard to diagnose and can be mistaken for cancer, leading to misdiagnosis.

## Contribution

This paper presents a case of AME misdiagnosed as carcinoma and reviews challenges in its histopathological diagnosis.

## Key findings

- AME can closely mimic invasive breast carcinoma on biopsy, leading to misdiagnosis.
- Accurate histopathological assessment is crucial for distinguishing AME from other myoepithelial lesions.
- AME has a risk of recurrence and, rarely, malignant transformation despite being typically benign.

## Abstract

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast (AME) is a rare tumor characterized by a dual proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. Although typically benign, AME carries a significant risk of recurrence and, in rare cases, malignant transformation. Its rarity, variable imaging features, and histological complexity make diagnosis challenging. Because it can closely mimic invasive breast carcinoma and overlap with other myoepithelial lesions, accurate histopathological assessment is essential. Here, we present the case of a 58-year-old woman with AME diagnosed on mastectomy following an initial misdiagnosis as carcinoma based on biopsy results. We review the literature and highlight the histopathological pitfalls associated with this rare entity.