# Prospective Analysis of Residual Urine Volume and Its Association With Intravesical Recurrence in Patients With Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

## TL;DR

This study found that higher residual urine volume is linked to a higher risk of bladder cancer recurrence in men with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

## Contribution

The study identifies residual urine volume as an independent risk factor for bladder cancer recurrence in male patients.

## Key findings

- Bladder cancer recurrence was observed in 11 out of 68 patients.
- Male patients with recurrence had significantly higher residual urine volume compared to those without recurrence.
- Residual urine volume was identified as an independent risk factor for recurrence in males.

## Abstract

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between parameters of voiding dysfunction, including residual urine volume, and bladder cancer recurrence in patients.

Methods

A total of 68 patients (52 males and 16 females) with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) were prospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with bladder cancer recurrence as the dependent variable. Explanatory variables included patient demographics, pathological findings, residual urine volume measured by ultrasound, and voiding symptoms assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the IPSS Quality of Life Index (IPSS-QOL), and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS).

Results

Bladder cancer recurrence was found in 11 patients (8 males and 3 females). In male patients, the median residual urine volume was significantly higher in the recurrence group (24 mL, IQR 5.5-47 mL) compared to the non-recurrence group (2 mL, IQR 0-21.5 mL; p = 0.0469). Multivariate analysis identified residual urine volume as an independent risk factor for recurrence in male patients (p = 0.0276).

Conclusion

Increased residual urine volume may be independently associated with intravesical recurrence in male patients with NMIBC. Assessing and managing voiding dysfunction may help reduce the risk of recurrence in this population.