# An Imitator Within: A Case of Appendiceal Neuroma Masquerading as Chronic Appendicitis

## TL;DR

A rare case of appendiceal neuroma was mistaken for chronic appendicitis, highlighting the importance of histopathology for accurate diagnosis.

## Contribution

This case report presents an unusual presentation of appendiceal neuroma mimicking chronic appendicitis.

## Key findings

- The patient was initially misdiagnosed with acute gastroenteritis.
- Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of appendiceal neuroma after laparoscopic appendectomy.
- The case emphasizes the need for histopathological evaluation in atypical appendicitis cases.

## Abstract

The incidence of appendicitis, an inflammation of the appendix, has been rising significantly in many countries worldwide. Appendicitis may present in various forms, including acute or chronic inflammation, and can manifest as either uncomplicated or complicated conditions, etc. Among these conditions, chronic appendicitis is a rare type of appendiceal inflammation that is less common than acute appendicitis. In this case report, we describe a case of idiopathic appendiceal neuroma, which was initially misdiagnosed as acute gastroenteritis. Diagnosis was further supported by comprehensive laboratory testing, computed tomography and ultrasound imaging, as well as immunohistochemical staining. The patient made a full recovery following a laparoscopic appendectomy. This case highlights appendiceal neuroma as an elusive entity with atypical presentation of appendicitis and chronic histological features, emphasising the critical role of histopathology in establishing a definitive diagnosis.