# Correlation between complement deposition levels on blood cells and clinical biomarkers in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

**Authors:** 梦露 张, 玄 汪, 辰 杨, 苗 陈, 冰 韩

PMC · DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20240717-00265 · Chinese Journal of Hematology · 2025-04-01

## TL;DR

This study found that complement deposition levels on blood cells in PNH patients correlate with clinical markers like hemolysis and thrombosis risk.

## Contribution

The study identifies specific correlations between complement deposition patterns and clinical outcomes in PNH patients.

## Key findings

- PNH patients showed higher complement deposition on blood cells compared to controls.
- Elevated C5b-9 on red cells correlates with increased reticulocyte count, indicating active hemolysis.
- Lower C3 and C4b on white cells and C3 on platelets correlates with thrombosis risk.

## Abstract

探索阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症（PNH）患者血细胞表面补体沉积水平及与临床症状的相关性。

回顾性收集2021年2月至2023年2月就诊于北京协和医院未经补体抑制剂治疗的PNH患者的临床资料，留取患者外周血样本。选取性别及年龄匹配的正常人作为对照组（NC）。通过流式细胞术检测患者及NC外周血红细胞、白细胞和血小板表面C5b-9、C3、C4b及B因子（FB）的沉积水平，并分析其与患者临床症状的相关性。

共纳入73例PNH患者，男42例（57.5％），中位年龄36（14～76）岁，NC 16名。PNH患者中，36例（49.3％）为经典型PNH，37例（50.7％）为再生障碍性贫血-PNH综合征；18例（24.7％）曾发生血栓栓塞事件（TEE）。患者中位HGB为76（37～116）g/L，中位网织红细胞绝对计数（Ret）为181.0（45.9～495.8）×109/L，中位乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）为1 875（377～5 509）U/L；中位Flaer-白细胞为94.0％（13.0％～99.9％），中位CD59-红细胞为46.7％（9.0％～93.0％）。患者红细胞、白细胞和血小板表面C5b-9、C3、C4b和FB的沉积均显著高于NC（P值均<0.05）。患者上述三类血细胞表面C5b-9的沉积均明显高于C3、C4b和FB（P值均<0.01）；所有补体片段在红细胞表面的沉积均低于白细胞和血小板（P值均<0.01）。患者红细胞表面C5b-9的沉积水平与Ret呈正相关（P＝0.005）；发生TEE者白细胞及血小板表面的C3沉积、白细胞表面的C4b沉积水平均低于未发生TEE者（P值分别为0.001、0.002、0.017）。

PNH患者血细胞表面C5b-9、C3、C4b和FB的沉积均高于NC，红细胞表面C5b-9水平高可提示活跃溶血，白细胞表面的C3、C4b及血小板表面的C3沉积水平低可提示TEE风险。

## Linked entities

- **Proteins:** C3 (complement C3), C4B (complement C4B (Chido/Rodgers blood group)), CD59 (CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group))
- **Diseases:** paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (MONDO:0100244)

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** CD59 (CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)) [NCBI Gene 966] {aka 16.3A5, 1F5, EJ16, EJ30, EL32, G344}, C4B (complement C4B (Chido/Rodgers blood group)) [NCBI Gene 721] {aka C4B1, C4B12, C4B3, C4B5, C4BD, C4F}
- **Diseases:** Thromboembolic (MESH:D013923), PNH (MESH:D006457), hemolysis (MESH:D006461)
- **Chemicals:** Flaer (-)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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## Figures

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## References

22 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12158814/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12158814