# Screening of MLL fusion genes and rare breakpoint cases in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

**Authors:** 思 李, 焕臣 程, 占影 王, 文鹏 郝, 红 梁, 军 马

PMC · DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20240407-00125 · Chinese Journal of Hematology · 2025-04-01

## TL;DR

This study identifies MLL fusion genes in AML patients and reports rare fusion breakpoints, showing these patients have poor treatment outcomes.

## Contribution

The study reports two rare MLL fusion gene breakpoints detected via RNA-seq in AML patients.

## Key findings

- MLL fusion genes were detected in 5.2% of AML patients.
- RNA-seq identified one very rare and one novel MLL fusion breakpoint.
- MLL-positive AML patients had poor prognosis with high relapse rates.

## Abstract

筛查急性髓系白血病（AML）患者中MLL融合基因阳性患者，分析该融合基因阳性AML患者的临床特征和预后，并报道2例罕见断裂位点病例。

纳入2021年10月至2023年10月哈尔滨市第一医院血液肿瘤研究中心收治的287例AML（非急性早幼粒细胞白血病）患者。男157例，女130例，中位年龄48（19～80）岁。287例患者均进行了白血病相关56种融合基因筛查和染色体核型分析，对融合基因阴性而染色体存在11q23.3易位患者再进行荧光原位杂交（FISH）和转录组测序（RNA-seq）检测。观察指标包括缓解、复发等。

287例AML患者中，MLL融合基因阳性患者15例，阳性率为5.2％。在检测的MLL融合基因的11种类型中，常见融合类型为MLL-ENL（4例）、MLL-ELL（4例）、MLL-AF9（3例）和MLL-AF6（3例）。15例MLL融合基因阳性患者中两例基因检测阴性而染色体和FISH检测阳性，对这两例患者进行RNA-seq检测，1例为MLL融合基因非常见断裂点，1例为新的断裂融合位点。MLL融合基因阳性患者化疗首疗程完全缓解（CR）6例，2个疗程后CR 8例，CR患者中50％ 2个月内出现复发。

RNA-seq技术便于筛查非常规或新断裂位点的融合基因，MLL融合基因阳性患者预后较差。

## Linked entities

- **Genes:** KMT2A (lysine methyltransferase 2A) [NCBI Gene 4297], AFDN (afadin, adherens junction formation factor) [NCBI Gene 4301]
- **Diseases:** acute myeloid leukemia (MONDO:0015667), AML (MONDO:0018874)

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** MLLT3 (MLLT3 super elongation complex subunit) [NCBI Gene 4300] {aka AF9, YEATS3}, AFDN (afadin, adherens junction formation factor) [NCBI Gene 4301] {aka AF6, MLL-AF6, MLLT4, l-afadin}, MLLT1 (MLLT1 super elongation complex subunit) [NCBI Gene 4298] {aka ENL, LTG19, YEATS1}, ELL (elongation factor for RNA polymerase II) [NCBI Gene 8178] {aka C19orf17, ELL1, MEN, PPP1R68}
- **Diseases:** non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (MESH:D015473), AML (MESH:D015470), MLL (MESH:D015456)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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## Figures

2 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12158805/full.md

## References

21 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12158805/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12158805