# Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss in a Patient with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and Concomitant SH3TC2 Gene Mutation

## TL;DR

A 52-year-old man with primary ciliary dyskinesia developed rare bilateral sensorineural hearing loss linked to a SH3TC2 gene mutation, suggesting a possible connection between ciliary dysfunction and genetic neuropathies.

## Contribution

This case report identifies a novel association between SH3TC2 mutation and sensorineural hearing loss in primary ciliary dyskinesia.

## Key findings

- A patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia developed severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.
- Genetic testing revealed a pathogenic SH3TC2 variant, typically linked to Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease.
- The findings suggest a potential neuropathic component to hearing loss in primary ciliary dyskinesia.

## Abstract

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare hereditary disorder caused by defective motile cilia, predominantly affecting the respiratory system. Conductive hearing loss (CHL) due to chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) is a typical feature of PCD, particularly in childhood. However, the underlying mechanisms contributing to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in patients with PCD remain unclear. Methods: We present the case of a 52-year-old male with a clinical diagnosis of PCD, confirmed by the presence of situs inversus, chronic respiratory symptoms, and ultrastructural ciliary defects. Results: Despite a history of recurrent acute otitis media (AOM), the patient developed severe bilateral SNHL, a relatively uncommon and poorly understood manifestation of PCD. Genetic testing revealed a pathogenic SH3TC2 variant, a gene classically associated with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4C (CMT4C), raising the possibility of an alternative or contributory genetic etiology for the patient’s auditory dysfunction. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of comprehensive audiological and genetic evaluations in PCD patients, particularly those presenting with progressive or atypical HL. The presence of a pathogenic SH3TC2 mutation suggests a potential neuropathic component to the patient’s HL, underscoring the need for further research into the intersection between ciliary dysfunction and genetic neuropathies. Early identification and intervention are critical to optimizing auditory outcomes and quality of life in affected individuals.