# Chitosan-Oligosaccharide-Bearing Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement: Preparation and Angiogenic Activity In Vitro

## TL;DR

Researchers improved bone cement by adding chitosan oligosaccharides, which helped promote blood vessel growth and could lead to better clinical applications.

## Contribution

A novel drug-loaded bone cement with angiogenic properties was developed using chitosan oligosaccharides.

## Key findings

- COSM-BCP bone cement particles showed a compressive strength of 29.58 MPa and 52.09% porosity.
- COSM was released continuously in vitro and promoted angiogenesis.
- The material demonstrated safety and potential for clinical use as a biological bone substitute.

## Abstract

Although calcium phosphate bone cement has some advantages (it is easy to form, self-curing, and does not produce heat), some disadvantages remain that limit its clinical application. Therefore, the question of how we can modify CPC and further improve the various properties of calcium phosphate bone cement is a current research hotspot. In this paper, the preparation conditions and technology of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) were optimized; chitosan oligosaccharide (COSM) with MW ≤ 3000 Da was added to the optimal formulation of biphasic calcium phosphate cement particles, and its physical and chemical properties were characterized. The results showed that BCP bone cement carrier for clinical operations was successfully constructed by the high-temperature solid-state reaction method, and COSM-BCP bone cement particles were obtained by loading COSM drugs with an angiogenesis effect. Its formula is biphasic calcium phosphate powder with the molar ratio of α-TCP/β-TCP of 1. The curing time of the prepared BCP particles is 24 ± 1 min, the compressive strength is 29.58 ± 1.89 MPa, and the porosity reaches 52.09%. The loaded COSM can be released continuously and stably in vitro, and has the effect of promoting angiogenesis. The safety evaluation of COSM-BCP bone cement particles and the preliminary pharmacodynamic study of its angiogenesis in vitro provide a promising clinical application basis for the development of drug-loaded biological bone substitute materials.