Optimization of the Proportioning and Microscopic Mechanism Study of Cement Mortar Prepared with Copper Tailings as Fine Aggregate
Haizhou Li, Lu Zhang, Jianping Liu, Daozhong Chu, Jiaolong Ren
TL;DR
This study optimizes cement mortar using copper tailings as a sustainable alternative to river sand, improving strength and environmental impact.
Contribution
A novel multiscale methodology combining Box–Behnken design and fractal theory for performance optimization of cement mortar with copper tailings.
Findings
Optimal parameters achieved 61.88 MPa compressive strength and 7.14 MPa flexural strength, with 12.3%/9.8% improvement over the control group.
Copper tailings-modified specimens showed 0.74% mass loss after 30 sulfate attack cycles and a reduced fractal dimension (D = 2.31).
Improved performance is attributed to synergistic micro-aggregate filling and pozzolanic reaction effects.
Abstract
To address the low resource utilization of copper tailings and high environmental impact of conventional river sand, this study innovatively integrates Box–Behnken design (BBD) with fractal theory to systematically investigate the performance optimization mechanisms of cement mortar incorporating copper tailings sand. A three-factor interaction model was developed through BBD experimental design, considering water–cement ratio (0.38–0.48), replacement ratio (10–30%), and binder–sand ratio (0.3–0.4), to elucidate the macroscopic performance evolution under multiparameter coupling effects. Fractal dimension analysis was employed to quantitatively characterize microstructural evolution. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimal parameters (water–cement ratio: 0.43, replacement ratio: 20%, binder–sand ratio: 0.35) yield superior performance, with 28-day compressive/flexural…
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Taxonomy
TopicsConcrete and Cement Materials Research · Tailings Management and Properties · Rock Mechanics and Modeling