Successful Weaning off LVAD Support in an Infant by Pulmonary Artery Banding

TL;DR

A 3-year-old girl with heart failure successfully weaned off a heart pump after a procedure called pulmonary artery banding improved her heart function.

Contribution

This is the first reported case of successful weaning from LVAD using pulmonary artery banding in a child.

Findings

Pulmonary artery banding improved left ventricular function in a child on LVAD support.

The patient was successfully weaned off the LVAD following the procedure.

The case suggests pulmonary banding may be a viable option for selected patients on mechanical circulatory support.

Abstract

Cardiomyopathy is the leading indication for transplantation in children. Mechanical cardiac support systems play a significant role in treating severe pediatric heart failure for cardiomyoptahy or myocarditis either for recovery or as bridge to transplant. In most cases of chronic heart failure extending over the acute inflammatory phase transplantation is necessary. Organ shortage results in a necessity for further treatment options in terminal heart failure. A new and controversially discussed approach to treat failing (left) ventricles includes pulmonary banding; In some observational studies pulmonary artery banding was performed in patients with severe (left) heart failure and adequate function of the right ventricle. The effect is postulated by improving the contra-lateral (left) ventricular function with intraventricular cross-talk and subsequent myocardial changes. Whereas selected patients may however benefit from PA banding with subsequent training of the left ventricle, nevertheless this strategy is controversially discussed.

A 3-year-old girl with inflammatory myocarditis required left ventricular assist device (LVAD, Berlin Heart)) support. After repetitive weaning failure, pulmonary artery (PA) banding was performed during LVAD support that resulted in an improvement of the left ventricular function and finally LVAD explantation.

Selected patients may benefit from PA banding with subsequent training of the left ventricle even in the setting of LVAD.

This case here is the first reported case where PA banding was successful in the weaning process of a child on mechanical circulatory support (MCS). This principle of pulmonary banding to improve left ventricular function in severe heart failure can apparently also be applied to patients on left ventricular assist devices (LVAD).

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