# Emphysematous Cystitis in an Immunocompetent Patient on an SGLT2 Inhibitor

## TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of bladder infection with gas caused by a diabetes medication in a man with diabetes.

## Contribution

It highlights a possible link between SGLT2 inhibitors and severe urinary infections.

## Key findings

- A diabetic male developed emphysematous cystitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.
- The patient was on empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, suggesting a potential risk.
- This case emphasizes the need for awareness of such infections in patients on SGLT2 inhibitors.

## Abstract

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare, severe infection of the urinary bladder caused by gas-forming organisms like Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). Common risk factors are female sex, chronic urinary infection, immunosuppression, diabetes mellitus, and neurogenic bladder. We report a case of K. pneumoniae emphysematous cystitis in a diabetic male patient being treated with empagliflozin. With this case report, we aim to highlight the potential role of an SGLT-2 inhibitor such as empagliflozin in developing severe urinary infections such as emphysematous cystitis.