# Navigating the choices of decision-making in cesarean sections: medical and personal perspectives from a qualitative study in Iraq

## TL;DR

This study explores the factors influencing decisions for planned cesarean sections in Iraq, highlighting the interplay of medical and personal reasons.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the qualitative decision-making process for planned cesarean sections in Iraq, emphasizing both medical and personal factors.

## Key findings

- Medical reasons, such as cervical stiffness and fetal position/weight, were the primary factors for planned cesarean sections.
- Personal desire and perception of care significantly influenced decisions for planned cesarean sections.
- Healthcare professionals should consider both medical and non-medical factors to make informed decisions aligned with patient needs.

## Abstract

cesarean section (CS) rates have risen globally, prompting debates on their necessity and outcomes. This study explores factors affecting decision-making for planned CS in uncomplicated pregnancies, considering both medical and non-medical factors.

a descriptive qualitative study design was employed from the period June 2022 to December 2022, comprising one-on-one conversations with Karbala midwives and obstetricians. Data were analyzed thematically to uncover factors influencing CS decisions. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was followed.

the study included 131 pregnant women, aged 20-35 (71.0%) with different educational levels. Prenatal care engagement was high, as 98.5% received care. Planned CS constituted 52.7%, and 47.3% were emergency CS. Decision factors included personal desire (22.9%), perception of efficiency and care (11.5%), and husband's desire (3.8%). Medical reasons (maternofetal factors) outweighed non-medical reasons (60.5% vs. 15.3%), with notable factors including cervical stiffness (21.4%) and fetal position/weight (17.6%). Conclusion: decision-making for CS involves a complex interaction of medical and non-medical causes. Healthcare professionals should understand the reasons behind planned CS to make well-informed decisions that align with each patient's unique situation.