# Nightmare case of repeated hemorrhagic pancreatitis due to pancreatic head cancer in the acute stage after two-stage lung transplantation

## TL;DR

A patient developed fatal hemorrhagic pancreatitis due to pancreatic cancer after undergoing two-stage lung transplants, highlighting diagnostic and treatment challenges.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the rare but severe complication of pancreatic head cancer following two-stage lung transplantation.

## Key findings

- The patient experienced fatal hemorrhagic pancreatitis after two-stage lung transplants.
- Pancreatic head cancer was identified as the underlying cause in the acute stage.
- The case underscores diagnostic and treatment challenges in such complex transplant scenarios.

## Abstract

In Japan, due to the shortage of deceased organ donors, the use of two-stage lung transplantation (LTx), specifically sequential single-lung transplants (SSLTs), has been increasing. This approach starts immunosuppressive therapy after the first transplantation, which increases the risk of malignancies. Here, we present a case of fatal perioperative hemorrhagic pancreatitis caused by pancreatic head cancer following SSLTs. This case highlights significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment.