# A Rare Case of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Suspected Acute Hemorrhagic Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Following Recent Vaccination

## TL;DR

An elderly man developed rare autoimmune conditions after vaccinations, leading to severe health complications and death.

## Contribution

This case report highlights a rare and severe autoimmune response following recent vaccinations.

## Key findings

- A 77-year-old male developed warm AIHA and neurological decline after varicella and influenza vaccinations.
- MRI showed multifocal white matter lesions with hemorrhagic foci consistent with ADEM.
- High-dose corticosteroid treatment failed to improve the patient's condition.

## Abstract

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) are rare autoimmune complications that may follow infections or vaccinations. We present a case of a 77-year-old male patient who developed warm AIHA and rapid neurological decline suggestive of hemorrhagic ADEM following recent varicella and influenza vaccinations. Laboratory findings confirmed AIHA, and MRI revealed multifocal white matter lesions with hemorrhagic foci. Despite high-dose corticosteroid treatment, the patient's condition worsened, and he ultimately passed away.