# Nivolumab Induces Durable Remission in Relapsed/Refractory ALK‐Negative ALCL After Allogeneic Blood Stem Cell Transplantation—A Case Report and Literature Review

## TL;DR

Nivolumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, achieved long-term remission in a patient with relapsed ALCL after a stem cell transplant, even without PD-L1 expression.

## Contribution

Demonstrates durable remission with nivolumab in r/r-ALCL post-transplant, highlighting the graft-versus-lymphoma effect.

## Key findings

- Nivolumab induced durable remission for over 2 years in a patient with r/r-ALCL.
- PD-L1 expression was not required for the treatment's effectiveness.
- The graft-versus-lymphoma effect may be enhanced by PD-1 inhibitors.

## Abstract

Relapsed or refractory anaplastic large cell lymphoma (r/r‐ALCL) remains an important therapeutic challenge, especially after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Due to encouraging results in other lymphoid diseases, PD‐1 blockade was investigated in T‐cell lymphoma in a small number of patients, but short duration of remission and significant adverse events were observed.

Here, we report successful and durable remission induction for more than 2 years with nivolumab for r/r‐ALCL even without any evidence of PD‐L1 expression.

This report and literature review emphasizes the importance of the graft‐versus‐lymphoma effect and its potential pharmacological stimulators in the field of lymphoma treatment.