# Promoting interdisciplinarity and the timely integration of palliative care through the development and implementation of a blended learning elective for medical students

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a blended learning elective for medical students to improve understanding of interdisciplinary collaboration and timely palliative care in oncology.

## Contribution

The paper presents a novel blended learning elective that integrates multiple disciplines to teach timely palliative care and interdisciplinary collaboration.

## Key findings

- Students showed high satisfaction and found the elective content valuable for medical practice.
- Learning gains were observed in defining total pain and understanding the timely integration of palliative care.
- The elective demonstrated the benefits of multi-professional collaboration in identifying patients who could benefit from palliative care.

## Abstract

Given demographic changes and a rising prevalence of oncological diseases, understanding the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and a timely integration of palliative care is crucial. However, both are underrepresented in medical curricula. To address this gap, we introduced a new elective in which students follow the journey of a fictitious patient with prostate cancer from diagnosis until death.

The elective was conducted through repeated joint meetings by a multi-professional and interdisciplinary (palliative care, urology, radiation oncology, psychosomatic medicine) team. Alongside its development, an outcome evaluation was designed to assess satisfaction (Likert scale) and learning gains (comparative self-assessment, CSA [%]). After pilot testing, the content and structure were adapted. The elective followed a blended learning approach. The content covered guideline-adherent treatment of prostate cancer, breaking bad news, initial contact with palliative care, symptom control based on the total pain concept.

Students (n=8) expressed high satisfaction. They found the structure comprehensible and considered the content valuable for medical practice. Students gained knowledge, especially in defining total pain (83%) and the indication of the timely integration of specialized palliative care (77%).

Using prostate cancer as an example disease, we integrated multiple disciplines into treatment strategies, demonstrating the benefits of multi-professional and multidisciplinary collaboration. This approach aids in identifying patients who could benefit from palliative care. Our concept is adaptable to other tumor types and settings, enhancing awareness of patient-centered issues that are often overlooked in medical curricula.