# Frequency of ventricular arrhythmias in apparently healthy, large breed dogs during seven-day Holter monitoring

## TL;DR

This study finds that healthy large-breed dogs have low levels of heart rhythm irregularities, with some showing significant daily variation.

## Contribution

The study provides new data on ventricular arrhythmia frequency and variability in healthy large-breed dogs using seven-day Holter monitoring.

## Key findings

- Most dogs had fewer than twenty ventricular premature complexes per day.
- Significant day-to-day variation was observed in four dogs with over twenty VPCs.
- Complex arrhythmias like ventricular tachycardia were rare and uncorrelated with age.

## Abstract

Continuous ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (Holter) is commonly used to diagnose and manage various cardiac arrhythmias in dogs. Despite its widespread use, data on the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias and its day-to-day variability in healthy, large-breed dogs without known predisposition to cardiomyopathy remains limited. This study assessed the frequency, complexity, and spontaneous day-to-day variation of ventricular arrhythmias in clinically healthy, large-breed dogs using seven-day Holter monitoring. Thirty-one, apparently healthy dogs without any history of systemic illness and normal physical examination findings underwent continuous 7-day Holter monitoring. Two dogs were excluded due to the occurrence of significant systemic disease soon after enrolment. The results from 29 dogs showed that most dogs (86%) had fewer than twenty ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) per 24-hour period, with significant day-to-day variation (up to 93%) in 4 dogs with over twenty VPCs. Complex ventricular arrhythmias, such as ventricular couplets, triplets, and ventricular tachycardia, were rare. No correlation was found between age and VPC frequency (p = 0.409) in this population of predominantly older dogs. These findings suggest that large-breed dogs without a predisposition to cardiomyopathies exhibit low arrhythmia frequencies with significant day-to-day variation in some dogs.