# Population-based estimates of different dosage types of psychedelic use across socio-demographic groups in Germany

## TL;DR

This study estimates psychedelic use patterns in Germany, showing limited use and variation across different demographic groups.

## Contribution

The study provides population-based estimates of psychedelic use by dosage type and socio-demographic factors in Germany.

## Key findings

- Only 0.7% of respondents reported past six-month psychedelic use.
- Medium to high dosing was more common than microdosing.
- Psychedelic use varied by gender, age, income, and location.

## Abstract

Psychedelic drugs, particularly taking small amounts of psychedelics in a cyclical pattern over days (so-called microdosing), have garnered growing scientific and public interest, but representative data on different dosage levels is scarce. To better understand this trend, we surveyed a nationwide sample of 11,299 adults in Germany. The survey assessed lifetime and past six-month psychedelic use by dosage as well as socio-demographic variables (sex, age, education, employment status, household equivalence income, partner arrangements, and place of residence). Results show that 5.0% of respondents self-reported lifetime psychedelic use, while 0.7% reported past six-month use. Medium to high dosing was more prevalent than microdosing. Moreover, high probabilities of using multiple forms of psychedelics were uncovered. We also observed variation in use across socio-demographic groups. For example, psychedelics use was less likely in females than males, and older than younger respondents. Past six-month microdosing was less likely in rural areas, and past six-month medium to high dosing was less prevalent in individuals with higher income or who live with a partner. This study shows limited support for widespread use in Germany and highlights diverse usage patterns across socio-demographics. These findings can inform policies, especially considering the overlap in usage of various substances.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-03873-0.