# Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in the Setting of Progressive Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia With Five Concurrent Life-Threatening Infections

## TL;DR

This paper describes a rare case of a life-threatening immune disorder in a leukemia patient with multiple infections.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in the rare co-occurrence of HLH, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple infections.

## Key findings

- HLH was diagnosed in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
- The patient had five concurrent life-threatening infections.
- Environmental factors, such as home construction, may contribute to infection risk.

## Abstract

Untreated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) can be fatal and requires a high degree of clinical suspicion in the setting of an underlying autoimmune disorder, infection, or malignancy. In the presence of multiple infections, it can be challenging to treat the disease, given organ failure and limited options. We present a case of HLH in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, who was found to have multiple bacterial and fungal infections simultaneously, due in part to construction work on his 200-year-old home.