# Effect of respiratory microflorae colonization on short and long‐time outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children: A scoping review

## TL;DR

This review explores how the respiratory microflorae affect the severity and long-term outcomes of RSV infections in young children.

## Contribution

The study summarizes the role of respiratory microflorae in RSV disease severity and wheezing, highlighting key bacterial species involved.

## Key findings

- Respiratory microflorae significantly influence RSV disease severity and recurrent wheezing in children.
- Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus are dominant in RSV-infected children.
- Most studies on this topic were conducted in America and published after 2013.

## Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an essential cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children under 2 years of age, especially under 6 months. In decades, studies have shown that the respiratory tract microflorae with RSV infection were related to disease severity and played a role in the development of recurrent wheezing, but the effect of respiratory microflorae on RSV infection are still underestimated. This study aims to conclude the effect of respiratory microflorae colonization on RSV infectious disease severity and recurrent wheezing and provide suggestions for future research directions from the perspective of respiratory tract florae. We conducted a scoping review. Studies were eligible if they reported on the effect of microflorae on RSV infectious diseases among children. We exacted the following information: title, publication time, first author's country, and article type. We finally included 33 articles in this scoping review. The number of studies rapidly increased since 2013 and the highest number of hospitalizations were reported in children <2 years. More than half (69.70%) were conducted in America and most studies are original studies (57.58%). The Review highlighted that the respiratory microflorae played an important role in RSV infectious disease severity and recurrent wheezing. We found that Streptococcus pneumoniae (S.pn), Haemophilus influenza (HI), Moraxella catarrhalis (M.ca), and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) were the dominant profiles in children with RSV infection. Understanding the respective role of respiratory microflorae on RSV infection and its mechanisms would improve prevention and treatment strategies from the perspective of microflorae.