# Pediatric endocardial temporary pacemaker implantation: Clinical characteristics and outcomes from a Chinese National Regional Health Center

## TL;DR

This study shares clinical experience and outcomes of using endocardial temporary pacemakers in children at a Chinese hospital.

## Contribution

The paper provides novel clinical insights into pediatric endocardial temporary pacemaker use in China.

## Key findings

- 55.56% of children converted to sinus rhythm and had pacemakers removed successfully.
- 80% of children with fulminant myocarditis recovered sinus rhythm after treatment.
- 28.89% of children required permanent pacemakers after temporary pacemaker use.

## Abstract

Endocardial temporary pacemakers (TP) are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in adults, but their application and clinical experience in the treatment of pediatric cardiovascular cases are relatively limited. This study aims to share the experience of using endocardial TP at a pediatric medical center in China. The study included patients who received their first endocardial TP implantation in the Department of Cardiology at Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China, from 2016 to 2022. A retrospective analysis of their clinical data was conducted. Our study involved 45 children who underwent endocardial TP implantation. Among these, 25 children (55.56%) converted to sinus rhythm after pacemaker parameter adjustment and the pacemaker was successfully removed; 13 children (28.89%) did not recover sinus rhythm and ultimately required a permanent pacemaker; in 4 cases, the family refused permanent pacemaker implantation; in 1 case, the treatment was abandoned by the family; and 2 children died during hospitalization. Notably, among the 20 children with fulminant myocarditis (FM), 16 children (80.00%) converted to sinus rhythm after pacemaker parameter adjustment and the pacemaker was successfully removed; 3 children (15.00%) ultimately received a permanent pacemaker; and 1 child died during hospitalization. Endocardial TP have shown remarkable efficacy in the treatment of critical heart disease, especially FM.

Endocardial TP have shown remarkable efficacy in the treatment of critical heart disease, especially fulminant myocarditis.