# Treatment Modifications in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Treated with Ticagrelor: Insights from the FORCE-ACS Registry

## TL;DR

This study examines how often and why patients with heart issues stop or change their ticagrelor treatment and finds that some changes increase heart risks.

## Contribution

The study identifies the frequency and reasons for treatment modifications in ticagrelor-treated ACS patients and links certain modifications to increased cardiovascular risk.

## Key findings

- Treatment interruption and disruption were associated with increased ischemic event risk.
- Discontinuation and alteration of ticagrelor were not linked to higher ischemic risk.
- Over 26% of patients had physician-recommended discontinuation of ticagrelor within a year.

## Abstract

Patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are frequently treated with the P2Y
12
-inhibitor ticagrelor. Some patients prematurely discontinue ticagrelor, but the incidence of reasons for and clinical implications of treatment modification are relatively unknown.

Data from 4,278 ACS patients (mean age: 63.6 years, 26.1% women) who were discharged on ticagrelor and enrolled in the FORCE-ACS registry between 2015 and 2020 were used. Treatment modifications were categorized as physician-recommended discontinuation, alteration, interruption, or disruption and occurred in 26.7, 20.1, 2.8, and 3.1% of patients within 12 months of follow-up (
Visual Summary
). Underlying reasons for treatment modification differed per type of modification. Overall, the rate of ischemic events defined as all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke was 6.6% at 12 months of follow-up. Cox regression analysis using time-updated modification variables as independent variables showed that treatment interruption (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 2.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48–5.79,
p
 < 0.01) and disruption (adjusted HR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.07–5.07,
p
 = 0.03) were associated with an increased risk of ischemic events even after adjustment for relevant confounders. Discontinuation and alteration were not associated with increased ischemic risk.

In clinical practice, treatment modifications in ACS patients discharged on ticagrelor are common, although type and reasons for modification are heterogeneous. Treatment interruption and disruption are associated with excess cardiovascular risk.