Immunohistochemical Expression of Haptoglobin in Skin Lesions of Hidradenitis Suppurativa

TL;DR

This study finds that higher haptoglobin levels in skin lesions of hidradenitis suppurativa are linked to severe disease, smoking, more pain, and comorbid conditions like diabetes and hypertension.

Contribution

This is the first study to investigate haptoglobin expression in hidradenitis suppurativa skin lesions and its clinical associations.

Findings

Haptoglobin expression is significantly higher in advanced-stage hidradenitis suppurativa lesions.

High haptoglobin levels correlate with active smoking, increased pain, and comorbid diabetes and hypertension.

No significant link was found between haptoglobin and BMI, disease duration, or CRP levels.

Abstract

Background: Meta-inflammation is a hallmark of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Research on meta-inflammation in HS is growing, but there is still no research on haptoglobin as an inflammatory protein in lesional HS skin. This study examines the relationship between haptoglobin expression in HS skin lesions and clinical parameters. Methods: An examination was performed on 44 skin samples from HS patients and 10 healthy skin samples. Clinical parameters were then compared with haptoglobin expression. Results: Median haptoglobin expression was significantly higher in the Hurley stage III lesions compared with milder stages (H-score: 37.6 versus 17.1, p = 0.028). High haptoglobin expression (≥30.8% positive cells) was associated with advanced disease (Hurley stage III: 80% versus 41.7%, p = 0.01), active smoking (80% versus 50%, p = 0.039), increased pain (visual analogue scale: 5 versus 1.5, p = 0.03), and a higher prevalence of diabetes (35% versus 8.3%, p = 0.029) and hypertension (55% versus 25%, p = 0.042). No significant associations were found with the BMI, disease duration, or CRP levels. Conclusions: High haptoglobin expression (positive cells ≥ 30.8%) in a skin lesion is associated with higher HS severity, active smoking, more pain and the comorbidities of diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in HS patients.

Figures