This paper is marked retracted in the scholarly record (OpenAlex). Interpret its findings with caution.
RETRACTED: Ahmad et al. Quantification and Evaluations of Catechin Hydrate Polymeric Nanoparticles Used in Brain Targeting for the Treatment of Epilepsy. Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 203
Niyaz Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Ridha Abdullah Alrasheed, Hassan Mohammed Ali Almatar, Abdullah Sami Al-Ramadan, Mohd Amir, Md Sarafroz

Abstract
Genes, proteins, chemicals, diseases, species, mutations and cell lines named across the full text — each resolved to its canonical identifier and authoritative record.
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TopicsCurcumin's Biomedical Applications · Biochemical effects in animals · Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
The journal retracts the article “Quantification and Evaluations of Catechin Hydrate Polymeric Nanoparticles Used in Brain Targeting for the Treatment of Epilepsy” [1] cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the Editorial Office regarding a high level of similarity between the images and graphs presented in this publication [1] and nine other articles [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10], produced by a similar authorship group.
Adhering to our standard procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office and Editorial Board that confirmed a high level of similarity between Figure 5A in [1] and Figure 3A in [2], and between Figure 8 in [1] and Figure 7A, Figure 2A, Figure 5A, Figure 5A, Figure 6A, Figure 5A, Figure 6, and Figure 5A in [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. While the authors cooperated during the investigation, they were unable to satisfactorily explain the overlap, nor provide appropriate raw material for Editorial Board evaluation. Consequently, the Editorial Board has lost confidence in the reliability of the findings and decided to retract this publication [1], as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30).
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Pharmaceutics.
The authors did not provide a comment on this decision.
The reference list from the paper itself. Each links out to its DOI / PubMed record.
- 1Ahmad N. Ahmad R. Alrasheed R.A. Almatar H.M.A. Al-Ramadan A.S. Amir M. Sarafroz M. RETRACTED: Quantification and Evaluations of Catechin Hydrate Polymeric Nanoparticles Used in Brain Targeting for the Treatment of Epilepsy Pharmaceutics 20201220310.3390/pharmaceutics 1203020332120778 PMC 7150881 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 2Ahmad N. Ahmad R. Alrasheed R.A. Almatar H.M.A. Al-Ramadan A.S. Buheazah T.M. Al Homoud H.S. Al-Nasif H.A. Alam A. A Chitosan-PLGA based catechin hydrate nanoparticles used in targeting of lungs and cancer treatment Saudi J. Biol. Sci.2020272344235710.1016/j.sjbs.2020.05.02332884416 PMC 7451615 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 3Ahmad N. Alam A. Ahmad F.J. Sarafroz Ansari K. Sharma S. Amir M. Ultrasonication techniques used for the preparation of novel Eugenol-Nanoemulsion in the treatment of wounds healings and anti-inflammatory J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.20184646147310.1016/j.jddst.2018.06.003 · doi ↗
- 4Ahmad N. Ahmad F.J. Bedi S. Sharma S. Umar S. Ansari M.A. A novel Nanoformulation Development of Eugenol and their treatment in inflammation and periodontitis Saudi Pharm. J.20192777879010.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.01431516320 PMC 6733787 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 5Ahmad N. Ahmad R. Alam A. Ahmad F.J. Alam A. Quantification and Brain Targeting of Eugenol-Loaded Surface Modified Nanoparticles Through Intranasal Route in the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia Drug Res.20186858459510.1055/a-0596-728829669380 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 6Ahmad N. Ahmad R. Alam A. Ahmad F.J. Amir M. Pottoo F.H. Sarafroz Jafar M. Umar K. Daunorubicin oral bioavailability enhancement by surface coated natural biodegradable macromolecule chitosan based polymeric nanoparticles Int. J. Biol. Macromol.201912882583810.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.14230690115 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 7Ahmad N. Ahmad R. Alam A. Ahmad F.J. Rub R.A. Quantification and Evaluation of Glycyrrhizic Acid-loaded Surface Decorated Nanoparticles by UHPLC-MS/MS and used in the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia Curr. Pharm. Anal.201916243910.2174/1573412914666180530073613 · doi ↗
- 8Ahmad N. Ahmad R. Al-Qudaihi A. Alaseel S.E. Fita I.Z. Khalid M.S. Pottoo F.H. Bolla S.R. RETRACTED ARTICLE: A novel self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for curcumin used in the treatment of wound healing and inflammation 3 Biotech 2019912010.1007/s 13205-019-1885-331544014 PMC 6733938 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
