# First Record of Caloapenesia (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from China with Description of One New Species

## TL;DR

A new species of Caloapenesia was discovered in China, expanding the geographic range of this wasp genus.

## Contribution

The first record of the genus Caloapenesia in China and the description of a new species, Caloapenesia xui.

## Key findings

- Caloapenesia xui sp. nov. was discovered in Guangdong Province, China.
- An updated identification key for male species of Caloapenesia is provided.
- The geographic distribution of the genus is now extended to China.

## Abstract

The Oriental genus Caloapenesia (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), belonging to Pristocerinae, is reported from China for the first time. The new species, Caloapenesia xui sp. nov., is described based on morphological comparisons. An updated key to all species of Caloapenesia is provided. The diagnostic characters used for species identification and the geographic distribution of this genus are discussed.

The genus Caloapenesia, only known from the Oriental region, comprises nineteen species, seventeen of which are recorded from Thailand and the Philippines, countries adjacent to China. During our examination of bethylid specimens from southern China, we discovered Caloapenesia xui sp. nov. from Guangdong Province, representing the northernmost record for the genus. The new species is described and illustrated, and an updated key to the males of Caloapenesia is provided.