# Screen Time Matters: Exploring the Behavioral Effects of Devices on Saudi Children

## TL;DR

This study explores how screen time affects ADHD symptoms in Saudi children, finding that more than 5 hours of screen time is linked to higher symptom severity.

## Contribution

The study identifies specific screen time and sociodemographic factors associated with ADHD symptoms in Saudi children.

## Key findings

- Screen time exceeding 5 hours is associated with higher ADHD symptom scores.
- Unrestricted screen time and lower maternal education are linked to increased symptom severity.
- Most participants were Saudi nationals living in urban areas.

## Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inappropriate levels of inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity. Recent concerns suggest a potential link between increased screen time and the manifestation of ADHD symptoms. This study examined the relationship between screen time and ADHD-related symptoms in neurotypical children aged 3–18 years in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through an online questionnaire completed by caregivers, focusing on screen time habits, ADHD-related symptoms (measured using the SNAP-IV scale), and potential confounders. A total of 324 children participated, with a slight male predominance (52.2%) and a median age of 9.07 years. Most of the children were Saudi nationals (97.5%) and resided in urban areas (70.7%). Using screens for more than 5 h was associated with higher total SNAP-IV scores. Multivariate analysis revealed that unrestricted screen time, related disorders, and lower maternal education were strongly associated with higher SNAP-IV scores. This study revealed a notable association between screen time characteristics, sociodemographic factors, and ADHD-related symptom severity in children in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.