# Barriers and Enablers for Physical Activity in Culturally Deaf Adults: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis

## TL;DR

This study explores what stops and helps culturally deaf adults to be physically active, emphasizing the need for deaf-friendly spaces and inclusive approaches.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the unique barriers and enablers for physical activity among culturally deaf adults using qualitative thematic analysis.

## Key findings

- Barriers include physical barriers, lack of deaf spaces, and low personal motivation.
- Enablers include social support, deaf-led activities, and awareness of health benefits.
- A strong deaf identity emerged as central to understanding engagement in physical activity.

## Abstract

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) is vital for everyone’s health and wellbeing; however, there is, a paucity of research amongst culturally deaf adults. Especially, to understand the needs of deaf adults and how to get them involved in shaping interventions that would help deaf people to be physically active. The current study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators for engaging in PA amongst deaf adults. Method: Focus groups involving nine culturally deaf adults communicating using British sign language were conducted and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings: Barriers including physical barriers, lack of deaf spaces and deaf awareness, and a lack of personal motivations were identified. Enablers included group/social support, deaf-led activities and health and wellbeing awareness. The findings highlighted a strong deaf identity. Conclusions: Deaf adults face barriers due to spaces being made for hearing people, leading to feelings of social exclusion and a lack of spaces to engage in activity and socialise, despite being personally and socially motivated to engage in PA. Deaf identity should be considered when promoting PA to deaf adults. The current paper highlights research and practice implications regarding how to engage and work with deaf people to develop appropriate interventions.