# Genetic Diversity and Breeding System of the Pestiferous Subterranean Termite Reticulitermes flaviceps Across Shaanxi and Sichuan Provinces

## TL;DR

This study examines the genetic diversity and breeding systems of subterranean termites in Shaanxi and Sichuan provinces, revealing regional differences in colony structure and genetic variation.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the genetic diversity and breeding systems of Reticulitermes flaviceps in different environmental contexts.

## Key findings

- Termite colonies in Shaanxi and Sichuan showed similar overall genetic diversity but differed in genetic structure and breeding systems.
- Sichuan colonies had simpler family structures compared to the extended families in Shaanxi, possibly due to environmental differences.
- Limited genetic exchange among colonies led to noticeable genetic differences despite moderate diversity within colonies.

## Abstract

The genetic diversity of 22 colonies of the termite Reticulitermes flaviceps was analyzed in Shaanxi and Sichuan provinces. It was found that the genetic diversity in both regions was quite similar. However, the distribution of genetic variations within the colonies was uneven. The termite colonies showed moderately high genetic diversity, a positive sign for adaptability and survival. The study also revealed a favorable mix of different genetic types within the colonies, indicating a healthy level of genetic variation. However, there was limited genetic exchange among different colonies, leading to noticeable genetic differences. When looking at the genetic structures, the colonies in Shaanxi were quite similar; those in Sichuan showed more variation, and some Sichuan colonies had identical genetic structures to those in Shaanxi. Regarding breeding systems, the colonies in Shaanxi were mainly extended families, meaning they had multiple generations living together. In contrast, most colonies in Sichuan were simple families consisting of just one generation; this difference might be due to the natural, less disturbed environments in Shaanxi, which support more extensive and complex colonies. On the other hand, the urban environments in Sichuan, with their intricate cement structures, made it difficult for termite colonies to expand. Overall, the study highlights the genetic diversity and breeding strategies of R. flaviceps in different environments, providing insights into their adaptability and survival mechanisms.