# Reversible Modulation of Motile Cilia by a Benzo[e][1,2,4]triazinone: A Potential Non-Hormonal Approach to Male Contraception

## TL;DR

A new compound reversibly stops cilia and sperm movement in a non-hormonal way, suggesting a potential male contraceptive.

## Contribution

A novel non-hormonal compound that reversibly modulates cilia and sperm motility is introduced.

## Key findings

- The compound induces cilia detachment without toxicity in Xenopus embryos.
- It impairs sperm motility at picomolar concentrations.
- The mechanism involves shear stress at the ciliary transition zone.

## Abstract

Motile cilia play essential roles in various physiological processes including fluid flow generation and sperm motility. In this study, we identified 1,3-diphenyl-6-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)benzo[e][1,2,4]triazin-7(1H)-one as a potent and reversible modulator of ciliary function using the Xenopus laevis model. This benzotriazinone derivative inhibits ciliary-driven fluid flow by inducing cilia detachment without causing toxicity in developing embryos. Unlike traditional deciliation agents that rely on calcium signaling, this compound induces cilia loss through a shear stress-driven mechanism at the transition zone, without disrupting tissue morphology or the apical actin network. Importantly, it also induces flagellar loss and impairs sperm motility at picomolar concentrations. Our findings highlight the potential of this 6-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)-substituted benzotriazinone as a non-hormonal male contraceptive and underscore a novel mechanism of cilia modulation that may have broader implications for the treatment of cilia-related disorders.