# Cardiac Phase-Resolved T2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Differences Between Normal Hearts and a Humanized Mouse Model of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

## TL;DR

This study shows that T2* MRI can detect heart differences in a mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, suggesting it could help diagnose and monitor the disease.

## Contribution

The study introduces cardiac phase-resolved T2* MRI as a novel method for assessing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a humanized mouse model.

## Key findings

- Mybpc3-KI mice showed left-ventricular hypertrophy and reduced ejection fraction compared to wild-type mice.
- Myocardial T2* was significantly higher in HCM mice across all cardiac phases.
- T2* correlated strongly with left-ventricular mass in HCM mice.

## Abstract

Background/Objectives: While T2* mapping effectively assesses cerebral blood oxygenation, its utility for capturing cardiac phase-dependent myocardial changes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is underexplored. This study investigates T2* dynamics in an HCM mouse model, to validate T2* as a clinically relevant biomarker for improved HCM diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Methods: A cardiac-specific Mybpc3 genetic mouse model, closely mirroring human HCM, was used with 12 young mice (6–11 weeks old), including both male and female wild-type (WT) and Mybpc3-KI (HCM) groups. The cardiac function was assessed using self-gated multi-slice 2D CINE imaging. To investigate myocardial T2* variations across the cardiac cycle, multi-gradient echo (MGE) imaging was employed. This approach used retrospective gating and continuous acquisition synchronization with pulse oximetry at 9.4 T small animal MRI. Results: Mybpc3-KI mice demonstrated left-ventricular (LV) hypertrophy compared to WT (HCM = 50.08 ± 4.68 µm/g vs. WT = 45.80 ± 20.07 µm/g, p < 0.01) and reduced ejection fraction (HCM = 38.55 ± 5.39% vs. WT= 72.53 ± 3.95%, p < 0.01). Myocardial T2* was significantly elevated in HCM across all cardiac phases (HCM = 12.14 ± 1.54 ms vs. WT = 7.93 ± 1.57 ms, p = 0.002). Strong correlations were observed between myocardial T2* and LV mass (rho = 0.88, p = 0.03). Conclusions: T2* was elevated in HCM with increased LV mass, highlighting the potential of T2* MRI as a sensitive biomarker for distinguishing healthy mice from those with HCM and revealing possible myocardial abnormalities.