Re-evaluating the choice of gamma stimulation frequency for the potential treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: Novel invisible spectral flicker evokes gamma responses at various frequencies
Mark Alexander Henney, Bianca Laura Hansen, Luna Skytte Hansen, Manja Gersholm Grønberg, Martin William Thorning-Schmidt, Henrik Enggaard Hansen, Mai Nguyen, Paul Michael Petersen, Line Katrine Harder Clemmensen, Marcus Carstensen, Kristoffer Hougaard Madsen
TL;DR
This study explores whether different gamma stimulation frequencies, including 40 Hz, can be used to treat Alzheimer's disease using an invisible flicker method.
Contribution
The study introduces invisible spectral flicker as a comfortable alternative to visible flicker for evoking gamma responses.
Findings
ISF significantly increased cortical power at all tested frequencies compared to baseline.
No specific frequency preference was found in the 36–44 Hz range across participants.
Subject variability was higher than differences between stimulation frequencies.
Abstract
With recent advances in the potential usage of visual gamma stimulation at 40 Hz for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, there is motivation to evaluate adjacent frequencies to ensure that specifically 40 Hz is optimal. As visual stimulation with luminance flicker may affect adherence in clinical trials due to its inherent perceived flickering, invisible spectral flicker (ISF) was proposed as a more comfortable alternative for entraining 40 Hz. Based on current understanding of the potential mechanism of action for 40 Hz stimulation, the exact frequency is debatable. This study investigates the ability of ISF to evoke acute gamma responses at several frequencies in the range of 36–44 Hz. Twenty healthy volunteers were included in an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment with ISF stimulation at nine different frequencies (36–44 Hz, 1 Hz interval). Estimated signal-to-noise ratios…
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Taxonomy
TopicsNeural dynamics and brain function · EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces · Neuroscience and Neural Engineering