# Mycobacterium neoaurum Bacteremia in an Immunocompetent Patient in MICU: The First Reported Case in Qatar

## TL;DR

A rare case of Mycobacterium neoaurum infection is reported in a healthy patient in Qatar, without typical risk factors.

## Contribution

The first documented case of Mycobacterium neoaurum bacteremia in Qatar and a rare case in an immunocompetent patient.

## Key findings

- Mycobacterium neoaurum bacteremia occurred in an immunocompetent patient without central venous access.
- The infection was identified using MALDI-TOF MS and responded to antibiotic treatment.
- This case highlights the potential for rare mycobacterial infections in non-traditional clinical settings.

## Abstract

Background:
Mycobacterium neoaurum is a rare, rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that typically affects immunocompromised patients and is often associated with catheter-related infections.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of Mycobacterium neoaurum bacteremia in an immunocompetent male admitted to the MICU with severe intracerebral hemorrhage. Notably, the infection occurred in the absence of central venous access. The organism was identified using MALDI-TOF MS, and the patient responded microbiologically to a combination antibiotic regimen, although his neurological prognosis remained poor.

Conclusion: This is the first documented case of Mycobacterium neoaurum bacteremia in Qatar and one of the few reported cases globally in an immunocompetent patient without conventional risk factors.