# Benefit of splenectomy in distal pancreatectomy for neuroendocrine tumours: multicentre retrospective study

## TL;DR

A study compared surgical approaches for removing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and found that removing the spleen during surgery does not improve outcomes.

## Contribution

The study challenges the routine use of splenectomy in distal pancreatectomy for neuroendocrine tumors by showing no benefit in lymph node dissection or survival.

## Key findings

- Splenectomy during distal pancreatectomy did not improve lymph node dissection or survival rates.
- Spleen-preserving approaches had comparable safety and oncological outcomes to splenectomy.
- Tumor grade and node analysis varied significantly between surgical techniques.

## Abstract

Distal pancreatectomy is frequently indicated for left-sided pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (NET). When combined lymphadenectomy is warranted, distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS) is generally advocated to optimize lymph node dissection. The spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) may represent an alternative approach. This study aimed to evaluate postoperative and oncological results of distal pancreatectomy with and without splenectomy for pancreatic NET.

This multicentre retrospective study included all distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic NET performed between 2014 and 2018. Patients with functional NET or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 were excluded. Indications and results were compared between DPS, distal pancreatectomy according to Kimura (K-SPDP) and distal pancreatectomy according to Warshaw (W-SPDP), before and after propensity score matching (PSM).

Among 251 patients included (108 DPS (43%), 73 K-SPDP (29%), and 70 W-SPDP (28%)), there was no difference in terms of patients’ characteristics, surgical approach, and conversion. Tumour size (P = 0.005), grade (P < 0.001) and the number of nodes analysed (P < 0.001) were significantly lower in patients undergoing K-SPDP as compared to W-SPDP or DPS. Apart from a difference in readmission rate (P = 0.002), there was no difference in terms of mortality rate or severe morbidity rate between the three techniques. After PSM comparing DPS (n = 70) and W-SPDP (n = 70), there was no difference in morbidity and mortality rates. R0 resection rate (91% versus 97%; P = 0.165), the number of nodes analysed (8 versus 7; P = 0.495), and median overall survival (P = 0.493) were not different.

In cases of distal pancreatectomy for NET, splenectomy did not seem to improve lymph node dissection or survival. When lymph node dissection associated with distal pancreatectomy is justified, the benefit of splenectomy appears questionable.

When lymph node dissection associated with distal pancreatectomy for left-sided pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour is justified, the benefit of splenectomy appears questionable. Indeed, as compared to spleen-preserving vessel-resecting distal pancreatectomy, distal pancreatosplenectomy does not confer any clear advantage in terms of safety, lymph node clearance or survival.