# Asymmetric transfer between the learning of the complex stimulus

## TL;DR

The study shows how learning to recognize complex stimuli like faces and houses affects visual working memory differently, with some learning effects transferring asymmetrically.

## Contribution

The paper reveals asymmetric transfer effects in visual working memory learning between faces and houses.

## Key findings

- Training improved sensitivity to discriminate visual representations in VWM for faces and houses.
- Learning effects for neutral faces transferred to emotional faces but not vice versa.
- Learning effects from faces transferred to houses, but not the reverse.

## Abstract

Perceptual learning of complex stimulus (such as faces or houses) are shown to be specific to the stimulus, indicating the plasticity of the human high-level visual cortex. However, limited understanding exists regarding the plasticity of the representation of complex stimuli in visual working memory (VWM) and its specificity.

To address this question, we adopted a delayed match-to-sample task to train the working memory for faces and houses. Subjects were trained for 6 days with neutral faces, happy faces, sad faces, and houses in Experiments 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

The results revealed that training significantly increased the sensitivity (d’) to discriminate the visual representations in VWM in all four experiments. Furthermore, the learning effects of neutral faces were transferable to emotional faces and vice versa. However, the learning effects of emotional faces exhibited limited transfer to untrained emotional faces. More importantly, the transfer of learning effects between faces and houses was asymmetrical, i.e., only the learning effects of faces could transfer to houses, whereas the reverse was not true.

These results highlight distinct cognitive processes underlying the training effects for different stimulus categories and provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of VWM improvement.