# Modeling the decarburization of expansion droplets based on the solid phase ratio of slag and data fitting during BOF steelmaking process

## TL;DR

This paper improves a model for predicting carbon content changes in metal droplets during steelmaking by considering slag solid phase ratios and experimental data.

## Contribution

An improved decarburization model for metal droplets is developed, incorporating slag solid phase ratio and data fitting.

## Key findings

- The improved model shows strong agreement with experimental data, with Pearson correlation coefficients over 0.94.
- For various FeO contents, the model achieves low MAE and RMSE values, indicating high accuracy.
- The model accurately predicts carbon content changes under complex multiphase slag conditions.

## Abstract

In the process of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking, the high-velocity jet impacts the molten metal pool, resulting in the generation of splashing metal droplets with varying particle sizes. The expansion decarburization of metal droplets in the emulsion phase is one of the main steel-slag reaction behaviors. In this paper, firstly, a theoretical decarburization model of expansion droplet was established, finding biases in their calculation results. Then, the solid phase ratio in different FeO content of slag was analyzed, demonstrating its significant impact on the reactivity performance of slag. Finally, an improved decarburization comprehensive model for expanded droplets, based on the solid phase ratio of slag and data fitting, was developed and validated using experimental data. The results indicate that the improved droplet decarburisation comprehensive model shows a good agreement with the experimental data in predicting changes in carbon content, with Pearson correlation coefficient exceeding 0.94 for different FeO contents. ‌For FeO contents of 3%, 10%, 20%, and 30%, the model achieves MAE (0.035%, 0.024%, 0.056%, 0.059%) and RMSE (0.0034%, 0.0019%, 0.011%, 0.018%), respectively. This model can accurately calculate the change of carbon content of metal droplets under various complex multiphase slag conditions.