Biomimetic Growth of Calcium Oxalate Hydrates: Shape Development and Structures in Agar Gel Matrices
Annu Thomas, Paul Simon, Wilder Carrillo‐Cabrera, Elena Sturm
TL;DR
This paper studies how calcium oxalate crystals grow in agar gels, mimicking kidney stone formation and showing how pH affects crystal types.
Contribution
The study introduces a biomimetic method using agar gel to grow calcium oxalate hydrates, revealing pH-dependent crystal morphologies similar to kidney stones.
Findings
Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) forms platy crystallites, dumbbells, and spherulites in agar gels.
Higher pH promotes calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) growth while suppressing COM formation.
The agar gel method mimics biomineralization processes seen in kidney stone development.
Abstract
Crystal growth of calcium oxalate hydrates (COM: calcium oxalate monohydrate; COD: ‐dihydrate; COT: ‐trihydrate) is a specific example of pathological biomineralization due to their harmful role as kidney/urinary stones. In this work, the biomimetic growth of calcium oxalate hydrates has been achieved using double diffusion technique in agar gel matrix. In vitro experimental models for the growth of calcium oxalates can give valuable information on the formation of biominerals of kidney/urinary stones. Diverse morphological forms of COM are grown in agar gel matrices ranging from platy crystallites to dumbbells and spherulites. The morphology of COM grown in agar gel resembles COM biominerals remarkably. Furthermore, it has been discovered that a higher pH of the agar gel promotes COD development while suppressing COM growth. The biomimetic growth of calcium oxalate hydrates is…
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Taxonomy
TopicsKidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments · Planetary Science and Exploration · Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition