Selective Mapping of Brain COX-1 with [11C]PS13: Pharmacokinetic Evidence from human PET Imaging

TL;DR

This study shows that [11C]PS13 can selectively map COX-1 in the human brain using PET imaging, with ketoprofen being the most effective blocker.

Contribution

Demonstrates [11C]PS13's selectivity for COX-1 in the human brain and identifies ketoprofen as a potent COX-1 inhibitor in PET imaging.

Findings

Ketoprofen showed 49% COX-1 occupancy in the calcarine and lingual gyrus.

Celecoxib exhibited 27% COX-1 occupancy with partial inhibition.

Aspirin had minimal effect on COX-1 binding.

Abstract

Arachidonic acid is converted by cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to prostaglandin H2, which has proinflammatory properties. The new PET radioligand [11 C]PS13 exhibits superior in vivo selectivity for COX-1 in nonhuman primates compared to COX-2. This study aimed to investigate [11 C]PS13 pharmacologically selectivity and substantial binding to COX-1 in the human brain.

Eight healthy volunteers had baseline [11 C]PS13 brain PET scans, and then images were blocked with either aspirin, celecoxib, or ketoprofen. The participants underwent two 90-minute [11 C]PS13 PET scans with radio metabolite-corrected arterial input function at baseline and approximately two hours after they received 75 mg of ketoprofen orally

This study on [11 C]PS13 brain PET scans showed that ketoprofen and celecoxib selectively bind to COX-1 in the human brain. The occupancy plot showed a positive correlation with plasma ketoprofen concentration, with the highest binding potentials in the calcarine and lingual gyrus of the occipital region. The occupancy for COX-1 was about 49 % and 27 % for ketoprofen and celecoxib, respectively.

Ketoprofen demonstrated the highest selectivity for COX-1, while celecoxib exhibited partial occupancy likely due to dose- or time-dependent COX-1 inhibition. Aspirin showed minimal effect. Given the small sample size (n = 8), further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings and assess pharmacokinetic influences more thoroughly.

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