# Metabolomics and proteomics analyses reveal the role of the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion

## TL;DR

This study uses metabolomics and proteomics to identify the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway as a key player in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion, offering new insights for treatment.

## Contribution

The study identifies key genes in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway involved in URSA, providing novel insights for treatment strategies.

## Key findings

- Differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway.
- PLD1, CHPT1, and PLA2G2A were identified as key genes in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway.
- 65 overlapping pathways were found between differential proteins and metabolites in URSA.

## Abstract

Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is a complex pregnancy complication with a high miscarriage rate. Incomprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism in URSA also leads to a lack of effective treatment methods. Hence, the current study aimed to explore the underlying pathogenesis of URSA applying metabonomic and bioinformatics analysis.

The decidual tissues of eight URSA samples and eight normal pregnancy (normal control, NC) samples were collected for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis using the Progenesis QI metabolomics software. The orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) and the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) were employed for differential metabolite analysis and pathway enrichment analysis, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway topological analysis was performed to rank the importance of pathways involved in URSA, and differential proteins were identified based on fold change difference. Finally, a metabolic network was visualized by the Cytoscape tool.

After LC-MS analysis and quality control, samples in the same group showed high consistency and reliability. Differential metabolites between NC and URSA groups were mainly enriched to five biological processes, with glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway containing the greatest number of differential metabolites. KEGG enrichment analysis showed significant differences in glycerophospholipid metabolism, bile secretion, and choline metabolism pathways, with glycerophospholipid metabolism showing a higher pathway importance. Proteome and metabolome analysis revealed a total of 65 overlapping pathways involved in the differential proteins and differential metabolites, and finally PLD1, CHPT1 and PLA2G2A were identified as the key genes in glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway.

LC-MS analysis revealed that glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway and its three key genes were crucially involved in URSA progression, providing novel insights into the treatment strategy of URSA.