# The high hourly overnight variability of insulin requirements as an explanation for the superiority of automated insulin delivery systems

**Authors:** Giona Castagna, Giuseppe Lepore, Nicolò Diego Borella, Roberto Trevisan

PMC · DOI: 10.1111/dom.16319 · 2025-03-07

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** INS (insulin) [NCBI Gene 3630] {aka IDDM, IDDM1, IDDM2, ILPR, IRDN, MODY10}, AICDA (activation induced cytidine deaminase) [NCBI Gene 57379] {aka AID, ARP2, CDA2, HEL-S-284, HIGM2}
- **Diseases:** T1D (MESH:D003922), diabetes (MESH:D003920)
- **Chemicals:** Glucose (MESH:D005947)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Figures

1 figure with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12046452/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12046452