# Effects of anesthetics on development of gynecological cancer

## TL;DR

This review examines how anesthetic drugs may affect the prognosis of gynecological cancers by influencing metabolic and immune pathways.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive review of how anesthetic choices may impact gynecological cancer outcomes through cellular and immune mechanisms.

## Key findings

- Anesthetic drugs may influence cancer metabolism and immune function via the HPA axis and SNS.
- Emerging evidence suggests that anesthetic choices could affect the prognosis of cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers.
- The review aims to guide optimal anesthetic strategies for gynecological cancer patients.

## Abstract

Gynecological cancers remain a leading cause of cancer among female patients, and surgery continues to be the primary therapeutic approach. Anesthesia is an indispensable component of perioperative period. In recent years, the influence of anesthesia drugs on cancer has become one of the focuses of anesthesiologists. Anesthetic drugs may influence cancer metabolic reprogramming and modulate immune function through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Emerging evidence suggests that the choice of anesthetic agents could affect the prognosis of gynecological cancers. This review explores the relationship between anesthetic drugs and gynecological cancers (cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer), elucidating their effects on cancer prognosis through cellular pathways, metabolic regulation, and immune mechanisms. The findings aim to guide clinical decision-making and evaluate optimal perioperative anesthetic management strategies for gynecological cancer patients.