# Advancements in CRISPR-Cas9 for Fanconi anemia

**Authors:** 怡曼 高, 丽贤 常, 晓凡 竺

PMC · DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20240825-00321 · Chinese Journal of Hematology · 2025-03-01

## TL;DR

CRISPR-Cas9 has made significant progress in treating Fanconi anemia, but challenges like off-target effects and ethical issues remain.

## Contribution

The paper reviews recent advances and challenges of CRISPR-Cas9 in Fanconi anemia gene therapy.

## Key findings

- CRISPR-Cas9 and base editing have enabled precise repair of common FA mutations.
- Challenges include tumor risk, chromosomal instability, and off-target effects.
- Future work should focus on optimizing sgRNA and Cas9 to reduce off-target effects.

## Abstract

范可尼贫血（FA）是一种以基因组不稳定和对DNA交联剂敏感为特征的遗传性骨髓衰竭综合征。近年来，CRISPR-Cas9技术在FA的基因治疗领域取得了突破性进展。传统CRISPR-Cas9技术在FA基因编辑中已得到成功应用，单碱基编辑技术基于CRISPR/Cas9系统，能够对FA患者中常见的基因突变进行精准、高效的基因修复；尽管引导编辑技术提供了新的基因编辑可能性，但目前在FA中的应用尚未开展。FA基因编辑技术虽取得了显著进步，但仍面临诸多挑战，包括收集足够的造血干细胞、基因编辑后增加肿瘤发生风险、染色体不稳定、脱靶效应等。未来研究应聚焦在优化单链向导RNA和Cas9核酸酶、设计更严格的PAM序列方式等减少脱靶效应，设计个性化的基因编辑策略。伦理与监管问题和长期随访同样也是今后开展基因编辑工作的重点。随着技术的不断进步和临床试验的深入，我们有望在未来看到CRISPR-Cas9技术在FA治疗中取得更多的突破。本文就常用的CRISPR技术在FA治疗领域的最新研究进展展开综述，并分析了该技术在FA基因治疗中的优势与挑战。

## Linked entities

- **Proteins:** cas9 (type II CRISPR RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9)
- **Diseases:** Fanconi anemia (MONDO:0019391)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** hereditary bone marrow failure syndrome (MESH:D000080983), FA (MESH:D005199), tumorigenesis (MESH:D063646)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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## Figures

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## References

37 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12038472/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12038472