# Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Labor Market Attachment: Sequence Analysis

## TL;DR

This study finds that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to experience long-term sickness and less stable employment compared to those without PCOS.

## Contribution

The study introduces a sequence analysis of labor market trajectories to show how PCOS affects employment stability and reliance on sickness benefits.

## Key findings

- Women with PCOS spent less time in employment and were more dependent on sickness benefits.
- Women with PCOS were 1.97 times more likely to be in the long-term sickness cluster compared to stable employment.
- PCOS diagnosis was associated with increased likelihood of being in the education into employment cluster.

## Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women of fertile age which may also affect the labor market attachment. We investigated labor market attachment trajectories among working age women diagnosed with PCOS.

A cohort of 157,356 women born in 1975–1977 were followed annually between the ages of 30 and 39, using data from Swedish administrative registers. Multinomial logistic regression was employed to assess associations between being diagnosed with PCOS (after the age of 15) and belonging to the identified clusters of labor market attachment trajectories.

Women with PCOS spent less time in employment and were more dependent on sickness benefits during the follow-up time than those without PCOS. Five labor market attachment clusters were identified: stable employment, education into employment, labor market exclusion, continuously unstable position, long-term sickness. Compared to being in the stable employment cluster, women diagnosed with PCOS were more likely to experience long-term sickness [RRR (relative risk ratio): 1.97 (CI: 1.90–2.05)], and education into employment [RRR: 1.11 (CI: 1.07–1.15)].

PCOS can lead to disadvantaged labor market outcomes. Better strategies are needed to prevent economic exclusion among women diagnosed with PCOS.