# The effect of diluted 1% baby shampoo on biofilm reduction in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

## TL;DR

Diluted baby shampoo can reduce biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, offering a potential new treatment.

## Contribution

Demonstrates that diluted 1% baby shampoo significantly reduces biofilm formation in CRSwNP in vitro.

## Key findings

- Biofilm prevalence in CRSwNP patients is 21.7%.
- Diluted 1% baby shampoo significantly reduces biofilm (p = 0.043).
- S. aureus and P. aeruginosa showed significant biofilm formation (p < 0.001).

## Abstract

Biofilm has been identified as the contributing factor for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). Nasal douching using baby shampoo was thought to be effective in patients with CRSwNP. We aimed to study the in-vitro reduction of biofilm using diluted 1% baby shampoo.

Sixty nasal polyps taken from patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were sent for histopathological examination using haematoxylin and eosin staining. Another portion of the same samples was sent for tissue culture and tissue culture plate assay to identify S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and determine their biofilm forming capacity. The efficacy of diluted 1% baby shampoo versus normal saline was tested on the biofilm in vitro where the optical density readings were compared pre- and post-treatment.

The prevalence of biofilm in patients with CRSwNP is 21.7%. Thirteen samples were positive for biofilm; P. aeruginosa 23% (n = 3), S. aureus 15% (n = 2), no bacterial growth 54% (n = 7) and others 8% (n = 1). Biofilm formation was significant in both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa (p < 0.001) whilst a significant reduction of biofilm was seen in diluted 1% baby shampoo (p = 0.043).

In conclusion, diluted 1% baby shampoo is an effective treatment in the reduction of biofilm for CRSwNP.