# A Nexus of Biomolecular Complexities in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Insights into Key Molecular Drivers

## TL;DR

This paper explores the role of the tumoral microenvironment in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors and its impact on tumor development and treatment.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive summary of the microenvironment's role in pituitary lesions and its biomolecular associations.

## Key findings

- The tumoral microenvironment plays a pivotal role in pituitary tumor development and progression.
- Understanding microenvironmental components can lead to targeted treatments for pituitary lesions.
- The gland's unique structure influences the tumor's biomolecular mechanisms.

## Abstract

Approximately 90% of the lesions of hypophyseal origins are represented by pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, which further account for up to 22.5% of the intracranial tumors in the adult population. Although the intricacy of this pathology is yet to be fully understood on a biomolecular level, it is well known that these lesions develop within a microenvironment that supports their evolution and existence. The role of the tumoral microenvironment in pituitary lesions is pivotal, mainly due to this gland’s distinct anatomical, histological, and physiological structure and function. Each component of the tumoral microenvironment is specifically involved in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, tumoral growth, progression, and dissemination. By recognizing and understanding how these elements are involved in such processes, targeted treatments can emerge, and better future management of pituitary lesions can be provided. This article aims to summarize the role of each component of the tumoral microenvironment in pituitary lesions while assessing their association with biomolecular mechanisms.