Functional assessment of renal damage in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux

TL;DR

This study assesses kidney function in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux and finds significant renal impairment compared to controls.

Contribution

The study provides new insights into the correlation between vesicoureteral reflux characteristics and renal function in children.

Findings

Bilateral VUR children had significantly lower total ERPF than controls.

Unilateral VUR ERPF was lower than controls' contralateral or ipsilateral side.

Renal damage correlated with VUR grade, transverse diameter, and pyelectasis.

Abstract

To evaluate the renal function damage in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).

A total of 226 children with VUR (65 cases with left, 39 with right, and 122 cases with bilateral VUR) were screened. Eighty-five urinary tract infection (UTI) cases, without urinary malformations, during the same period were collected as controls. Age at diagnosis, body weight, renal ultrasound, VUR grade, serum creatinine level, dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) level, and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) values were retrospectively analyzed.

There were no significant differences in age at diagnosis between study groups. Total ERPF was significantly lower in the bilateral VUR group than in the control group. The ERPF in unilateral VUR was significantly lower than that in the contralateral or ipsilateral side in the control group (P < 0.001). The mean split renal function, as assessed by DMSA of VUR, was 28.00% and 29.12% on the left and right sides, respectively, both of which were lower than the control group's 40.27%. Renal damage was also correlated with a VUR grade (P = 0.008), a transverse diameter (P = 0.002), and pyelectasis (P = 0.037).

Split renal function was impaired in the reflux kidney. The total ERPF in the bilateral VUR group was lower than that in the unilateral VUR group. Renal damage was correlated with a VUR grade, a transverse diameter, and pyelectasis.

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