# Anesthesia videos in geriatric and elderly patients on YouTube: content, quality, reliability, and usefulness assessment

## TL;DR

This study evaluated YouTube videos about anesthesia for elderly patients and found most had low usefulness, despite moderate quality and reliability.

## Contribution

The study introduces new assessment tools (GAEUS, GQS, M-DISCERN) to evaluate anesthesia-related YouTube content for elderly patients.

## Key findings

- 48.3% of videos were from personal blogs, which showed the highest usefulness scores.
- Usefulness scores varied significantly by source, with longer videos being more useful.
- Overall, the videos showed moderate quality and reliability but low educational value.

## Abstract

This study aimed to assess the quality, reliability, content, and usefulness of YouTube videos related to anesthesia in geriatric and elderly patients.

Using Google Trends, the most popular search terms in the past five years, “geriatric anesthesia” and “anesthesia in the elderly,” were identified. A search on YouTube using these terms initially yielded 200 of the most viewed videos for each term. After applying exclusion criteria, 87 videos were included for detailed analysis. Major themes and topics related to anesthesia in geriatric and elderly patients were identified using a pre-determined qualitative thematic analysis method. The usefulness of the videos was assessed using the specially developed Geriatric and Elderly Anesthesia Usefulness Score (GAEUS). The overall quality and reliability of the videos were evaluated using the Global Quality Scale (GQS) and the Modified DISCERN Scale (M-DISCERN), respectively. The average of the quality, reliability, and usefulness scores calculated by the researchers was used for consistency analysis.

In our study, 48.3% (42) of the videos on geriatric and elderly patients concerning anesthesia on YouTube were created by personal blogs. The quality of the videos was measured using the GQS, with a mean score of 3.34 and a median of 3 (range: 1–5), showing no significant difference according to the video source (p = 0.166). Reliability was assessed using the M-DISCERN scale, with a mean score of 3.37 and a median of 3.50 (range: 1–5), again showing no significant difference according to the video source (p = 0.097). Usefulness was measured using the GAEUS score, with a mean score of 15.30 and a median of 12.5 (range: 2–63), which showed a significant difference according to the video source (p = 0.000). The average duration of videos with low usefulness was 31.59 minutes (range: 5–44), while the average duration of moderately and highly useful videos was 59.37 minutes (range: 19.44–119.05). This duration difference was statistically significant (u = 2.569, p = 0.010).

In our study, we examined YouTube videos covering anesthesia topics for geriatric and elderly patients. The highest usefulness scores were obtained from personal blogs; however, all sources generally showed low usefulness. The quality of the videos was assessed using the GQS, and their reliability was evaluated with the M-DISCERN. On both scales, the videos showed moderate performance across all sources. These findings indicate a need for more comprehensive and informative content on YouTube, especially for the education of healthcare professionals and patients. To better address the needs of elderly patients, the richness of content and educational value of these videos should be enhanced.