From Breast to Eye: A Rare Case of Ocular Metastasis From Luminal Breast Cancer in a Nicaraguan Patient

TL;DR

A rare case of breast cancer spreading to the eye in a 37-year-old woman highlights the aggressive nature of the disease and the need for early detection and multidisciplinary care.

Contribution

This paper presents a rare clinical case of ocular metastasis from luminal B breast cancer in a Nicaraguan patient.

Findings

The patient had extensive metastasis, including in the choroid, pleura, liver, and bones.

Ocular involvement was managed with planned cyclophotocoagulation and palliative radiotherapy.

The case emphasizes the aggressive progression of luminal B breast cancer with ocular metastasis.

Abstract

Ocular metastases from breast cancer are rare but significant, with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) showing a higher tendency for ocular involvement than invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Radiotherapy is the main treatment, but the prognosis is poor. This case involves a 37-year-old woman with a history of bilateral breast cancer, initially treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. She later developed pulmonary progression, bone metastases, and other complications. The patient experienced worsening vision loss, headaches, tinnitus, and systemic decline. Imaging showed brain lesions and choroidal metastasis. Extensive metastasis was confirmed, including in the pleura, liver, and bones. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed increased intraocular pressure, requiring medical management and planned cyclophotocoagulation. Due to the advanced disease, a palliative care approach was initiated, with radiotherapy planned for ocular metastasis. This case highlights the aggressive nature of metastatic luminal B breast cancer with ocular involvement and underscores the importance of early detection and a multidisciplinary approach to patient care.

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