# Spontaneous uterine rupture in the second trimester with fetal Cyclopia at a resource-limited setting: A case report

## TL;DR

A rare case of uterine rupture in the second trimester without typical risk factors, combined with fetal cyclopia, highlights challenges in diagnosis and treatment in resource-limited areas.

## Contribution

Presents a rare case of uterine rupture with fetal cyclopia in a resource-limited setting, emphasizing diagnostic challenges and successful maternal recovery.

## Key findings

- Spontaneous uterine rupture occurred in a multiparous woman without typical risk factors.
- Fetal cyclopia was identified, adding to the rarity of the case.
- Prompt surgical intervention led to a successful maternal outcome.

## Abstract

Spontaneous uterine rupture in the second trimester is a rare and life-threatening obstetric emergency, typically associated with pre-existing risk factors. This case presents a unique instance of spontaneous uterine rupture in a multiparous woman without typical risk factors, highlighting the challenges of diagnosis and management in a resource-limited setting. The associated fetal cyclopia adds to the rarity of the case and contributes to the existing literature on uterine rupture. This report demonstrates the need for high clinical suspicion and prompt intervention, even in the absence of usual risk factors.

A 30-year-old, gravida 7, para 6 female presented with a two-day history of abdominal pain, vomiting, and subjective fever. The patient progressed to hemodynamic instability, vaginal bleeding, and loss of consciousness within a few hours of admission.

The main diagnosis was spontaneous uterine rupture with hemoperitoneum and a non-viable fetus with cyclopia. The therapeutic interventions included emergency exploratory laparotomy, evacuation of the hemoperitoneum, and subtotal hysterectomy. The patient recovered well and was discharged on postoperative day five.

This case underscores the unpredictable nature of uterine rupture and the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for this diagnosis, even in the absence of typical risk factors, particularly in resource-limited settings. Prompt surgical intervention and appropriate postoperative care are essential for favorable maternal outcomes.

•Rare case of spontaneous uterine rupture in the second trimester without typical risk factors.•Fetal cyclopia adds to the rarity of this obstetric emergency.•Highlights diagnostic and management challenges in a resource-limited setting•Emphasizes the need for high clinical suspicion even in the absence of usual risk factors.•Successful maternal outcome achieved through prompt surgical intervention.

Rare case of spontaneous uterine rupture in the second trimester without typical risk factors.

Fetal cyclopia adds to the rarity of this obstetric emergency.

Highlights diagnostic and management challenges in a resource-limited setting

Emphasizes the need for high clinical suspicion even in the absence of usual risk factors.

Successful maternal outcome achieved through prompt surgical intervention.