# Distinct expression of NEAT1 isoforms in Parkinson’s disease models suggests different roles of the variants during the disease course

## TL;DR

This study explores how different forms of the NEAT1 RNA behave in models of Parkinson’s disease, suggesting they may play different roles at different stages of the disease.

## Contribution

The study reveals distinct expression patterns of NEAT1 isoforms in Parkinson’s disease models, offering new insights into their potential roles in disease progression.

## Key findings

- NEAT1 isoforms show differential expression in MPP+ and MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease models.
- Early up-regulation of Neat1_2 decreases as pathology progresses, shifting the isoform ratio toward Neat1_1.
- The isoform shift correlates with damage to the central nervous system in disease models.

## Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Recently long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as possible molecular hubs in the diverse pathomechanisms of the disease. Among them, NEAT1 gained particular interest due to findings suggesting both protective and deleterious effects of this lncRNA in PD models.The aim of this study was to clarify some of the contradictions among data that appeared in recent publications concerning NEAT1 effects. For this, we determined whether pharmacological increase of NEAT1 levels worsened the detrimental effect of MPP + in the SH-SY5Y cell model, and whether the levels of the short and long isoform of the lncRNA changed differently upon short and extended MPTP treatment in an MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. Our findings suggest differential expression of NEAT1/Neat1 isoforms in MPP + /MPTP-induced PD models, which is in accord with the proposed role of the lncRNA in the general stress response. We propose that first an early up-regulation of Neat1_2 is dominant. The level of Neat1_2 then decreases as pathology progresses, resulting in a shift in the ratio of the two isoforms towards a higher level of Neat1_1 accompanied by damage of the central nervous system.